{"id":544,"date":"2023-02-27T19:05:29","date_gmt":"2023-02-27T19:05:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/?page_id=544"},"modified":"2024-07-29T21:11:24","modified_gmt":"2024-07-29T21:11:24","slug":"aime-cesaire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/","title":{"rendered":"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Graffiti_of_Aim%C3%A9_C%C3%A9saire.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-828\" width=\"353\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png 768w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-1152x1536.png 1152w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-1536x2048.png 1536w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1.png 1944w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">&#8220;Graffiti of Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire&#8221; by Jehpuh. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Graffiti_of_Aim%C3%A9_C%C3%A9saire.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aim\u00e9 Fernand David C\u00e9saire<\/strong> was born on 25 June 1913 in Basse-Pointe, <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/martinique\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"106\">Martinique<\/a> (Pallister xvii). Born into poverty with a rat-infested home and six siblings, C\u00e9saire prevailed beyond his environment and obtained a distinguished secondary school education at <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/fort-de-france\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"88\">Fort-de-France<\/a>\u2019s Lyc\u00e9e Victor Schoelcher (Pallister xvii). After studying in Paris, C\u00e9saire met former Senegalese president L\u00e9opold S\u00e9dar Senghor, sprouting C\u00e9saire\u2019s appreciation for the values of African tradition (Pallister xvii). C\u00e9saire served as the mayor of Fort-de-France starting in 1945 (Murdoch 2). It is at around this point where Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire appears in <em>Texaco<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In <em>Texaco<\/em>, C\u00e9saire is described primarily through the perspective of <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/marie-sophie-laborieux\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"100\">Marie-Sophie Laborieux<\/a> and secondarily characterised by his interactions with Marie-Sophie. For black Martinique, C\u00e9saire was an inspiration. Marie-Sophie describes the feeling when she says, \u201cTo see that little blackman, so high, so powerful, with so much knowledge, so many words, gave us an exalted image of ourselves\u201d (Chamoiseau 250). She speaks of C\u00e9saire with high regard throughout the novel, where her appreciation grows further upon interacting with him. Upon meeting C\u00e9saire in person, Marie-Sophie requests electricity and water for Texaco (Chamoiseau 368). While during this encounter, his reaction towards the people of Texaco is initially that of irritation likely due to the unexpected arrival of several dishevelled citizens at his doorstep, C\u00e9saire holds true to his word to do his best. Marie-Sophie continues to hold the utmost respect for C\u00e9saire, calling him \u201cPapa C\u00e9saire\u201d (Chamoiseau 367), which is significant since \u201cPapa\u201d is a title only held for the father figures in Marie-Sophie\u2019s life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Political Career<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire began his political career by writing review publications and evolved his career by holding office in several positions. Early in his political and literary life he co-founded the review <em>L\u2019Etudiant noir<\/em> (Pallister xvii). In this review, C\u00e9saire focused primarily on negritude, a theory commonly associated with C\u00e9saire (Murdoch 2). C\u00e9saire throughout his career acted under the doctrine of negritude\u2014a faith in the values of black civilization\u2014which provides much of the theory behind the actions C\u00e9saire took in his career. Later, he published the review <em>Tropiques<\/em> which commented on politics and social order (Pallister xvii), establishing his public political background. In 1945, he was elected a delegate to the National Assembly in Paris (Pallister xx). Not long after, he became Mayor of Forte-de France in a major landslide win (Murdoch 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While in this mayoral position, C\u00e9saire also served as the deputy of the Communist party to the National Assembly (Pallister xix). As a result, C\u00e9saire advocated for Martinique to become an <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/french-overseas-departments\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"91\">overseas department of France<\/a>. This goal was met in 1946 (Pallister xix), which is praised by <em>Texaco\u2019s<\/em> Marie-Sophie as being obtained \u201cin the b\u00e9k\u00e9s\u2019 face\u201d (Chamoiseau 248). However, upon having reassessed the results of France departmentalization status, C\u00e9saire found the move to not be impactful due to colonialist tendencies in both France and C\u00e9saire\u2019s own communist party (Pallister xx). As a result, C\u00e9saire became less affiliated with the French Communist party due to disagreements about the process of assimilation (Murdoch 11). C\u00e9saire established himself as an advocate for change, focusing his efforts on a new political group with negritude as the focus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Negritude<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As defined in the biography <em>Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire<\/em>, negritude is an assertion of \u201cthe legitimacy of belonging to an African culture\u201d (Pallister 23). This movement is one that takes pride on the black culture that colonialism had attempted to erode. It embraces the seeming lack of technological progress made by those of African origin by redirecting importance to the values of African history (Murdoch 4). African progress is often viewed only in the context of technological progress, which is used to dismiss the independently-developed society as archaic. Janis L. Pallister clarifies that negritude is not a construct, even though a Western lens may view it as such. Specifically, it is vegetal\u2014not carnivorous (Pallister 7). This is to say that negritude is a natural state rather than an idea designed to convince.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e9saire in <em>Texaco<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e9saire\u2019s presence in <em>Texaco<\/em> occurs at the end of <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/esternome-laborieux\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"97\">Esternome Laborieux<\/a>\u2019s life, the latter of which holds shifting viewpoints towards C\u00e9saire. Initially, Esternome is enamored with C\u00e9saire to the point of Esternome considering him a <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/mentoh\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"112\">Mentoh<\/a> (Chamoiseau 250). However, upon listening to C\u00e9saire speak, he declares him a mulatto (Chamoiseau 251). Esternome\u2019s interpretation of C\u00e9saire results from C\u00e9saire\u2019s refined use of the French language rather than Creole. This hesitancy towards Creole aroused Adlai H. Murdoch to question \u201cIn this world where the French language meant domination, how did the call to \u201cdecolonize our minds\u201d jibe not only with his political agenda of departmentalization, but also with his use of French rather than Creole, despite its being the language of the \u201cmother country\u201d and not that of the black majority in Martinique?\u201d (Murdoch 2) Arguably, C\u00e9saire\u2019s attachment to the French language was a necessary concession C\u00e9saire had to make to gain political influence. Marie-Sophie later comments that Esternome\u2019s assessment of C\u00e9saire was incorrect (Chamoiseau 253), affirming that while C\u00e9saire bore the language of the mother country, he was representative of black Martinique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e9saire is contrasted with Monsieur Alcibiade, a staunch assimilationist. The audience\u2019s introduction to C\u00e9saire occurs with the first mentions of Alcibiade\u2019s assimilation. Alcibiade treats C\u00e9saire as a \u201cblack blackman\u201d and fears C\u00e9saire\u2019s proficiency in French and attachment to Africa (Chamoiseau 248). Alcibiade and C\u00e9saire can be viewed as opposites when it comes to the future of Martinique due to their respective beliefs; Assimilationism and negritude are directly opposed in that assimilation advocates for melding into a collective culture of Martinique, while negritude opposes the rejection of African culture. C\u00e9saire\u2019s values turned many from assimilationism, such as Alcibiade\u2019s associates, who then rallied around C\u00e9saire (Chamoiseau 252). It was this strong ideological opposition and crumbling of assimilationism that causes Alcibiade to lose his grip on sanity following C\u00e9saire\u2019s election as mayor (Chamoiseau 252).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marie-Sophie credits C\u00e9saire and communists for allowing people to settle anywhere without fear of retribution from landowners (Chamoiseau 314). Throughout the early turmoil of Texaco, it was C\u00e9saire and affiliated politicians that brought some peace to the community. C\u00e9saire\u2019s support of Texaco makes sense in the broader context of negritude: Texaco, if anything, was the closest return to African community that could exist in Martinique. Its communal nature did not relish in competition within inhabitants. Rather, it was a union of individuals with shared experiences who contributed to each other\u2019s survival.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Works Cited<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Chamoiseau, Patrick. <em>Texaco<\/em>. Trans. Rose-Myriam R\u00e9jouis &amp; Val Vinokurov. NY: Vintage, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murdoch, Adlai H. \u201cArs Poetica, Ars Politica: The Double Life of Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire.\u201d <em>Research in African Literatures<\/em>, vol. 41, no. 1, Spring 2010, pp. 1\u201313. <a href=\"https:\/\/muse-jhu-edu.libproxy.siue.edu\/article\/372467\">muse.jhu.edu\/article\/372467<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pallister, Janis L. <em>Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire,<\/em> Twayne Publishers, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Editorial Collective<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Angel Flores, Payton Carrol, Jayme Greer<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Aim\u00e9 Fernand David C\u00e9saire was born on 25 June 1913 in Basse-Pointe, Martinique (Pallister xvii). Born into poverty with a rat-infested home and six siblings, C\u00e9saire prevailed beyond his environment and obtained a distinguished secondary school education at Fort-de-France\u2019s Lyc\u00e9e Victor Schoelcher (Pallister xvii). After studying in Paris, C\u00e9saire met former Senegalese president L\u00e9opold [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[36,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historical-characters","category-race"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire - Texaco Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire - Texaco Wiki\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction Aim\u00e9 Fernand David C\u00e9saire was born on 25 June 1913 in Basse-Pointe, Martinique (Pallister xvii). Born into poverty with a rat-infested home and six siblings, C\u00e9saire prevailed beyond his environment and obtained a distinguished secondary school education at Fort-de-France\u2019s Lyc\u00e9e Victor Schoelcher (Pallister xvii). After studying in Paris, C\u00e9saire met former Senegalese president L\u00e9opold [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Texaco Wiki\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-27T19:05:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-29T21:11:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Texaco Wiki\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Texaco Wiki\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Texaco Wiki\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9acdc0fccb0a20a8e167b59882f8e13f\"},\"headline\":\"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-27T19:05:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-29T21:11:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1178,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/67\\\/2023\\\/03\\\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Historical Characters\",\"Race\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/\",\"name\":\"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire - Texaco Wiki\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/67\\\/2023\\\/03\\\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-27T19:05:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-29T21:11:24+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9acdc0fccb0a20a8e167b59882f8e13f\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/67\\\/2023\\\/03\\\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/67\\\/2023\\\/03\\\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1.png\",\"width\":1944,\"height\":2592,\"caption\":\"Depiction of C\u00e9saire on a wall using graffiti\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/aime-cesaire\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/\",\"name\":\"Texaco Wiki\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9acdc0fccb0a20a8e167b59882f8e13f\",\"name\":\"Texaco Wiki\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/fda830fab7e9fe1c27fe20d856421defaeaaf6e6a038d1592b732064f6e993aa?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/fda830fab7e9fe1c27fe20d856421defaeaaf6e6a038d1592b732064f6e993aa?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/fda830fab7e9fe1c27fe20d856421defaeaaf6e6a038d1592b732064f6e993aa?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Texaco Wiki\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iris.siue.edu\\\/texacowiki\\\/author\\\/jesshut\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire - Texaco Wiki","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire - Texaco Wiki","og_description":"Introduction Aim\u00e9 Fernand David C\u00e9saire was born on 25 June 1913 in Basse-Pointe, Martinique (Pallister xvii). Born into poverty with a rat-infested home and six siblings, C\u00e9saire prevailed beyond his environment and obtained a distinguished secondary school education at Fort-de-France\u2019s Lyc\u00e9e Victor Schoelcher (Pallister xvii). After studying in Paris, C\u00e9saire met former Senegalese president L\u00e9opold [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/","og_site_name":"Texaco Wiki","article_published_time":"2023-02-27T19:05:29+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-07-29T21:11:24+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Texaco Wiki","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Texaco Wiki","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/"},"author":{"name":"Texaco Wiki","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/#\/schema\/person\/9acdc0fccb0a20a8e167b59882f8e13f"},"headline":"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire","datePublished":"2023-02-27T19:05:29+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-29T21:11:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/"},"wordCount":1178,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png","articleSection":["Historical Characters","Race"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/","url":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/","name":"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire - Texaco Wiki","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1-768x1024.png","datePublished":"2023-02-27T19:05:29+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-29T21:11:24+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/#\/schema\/person\/9acdc0fccb0a20a8e167b59882f8e13f"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/03\/Graffiti_of_Aime_Cesaire-1.png","width":1944,"height":2592,"caption":"Depiction of C\u00e9saire on a wall using graffiti"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/aime-cesaire\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/","name":"Texaco Wiki","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/#\/schema\/person\/9acdc0fccb0a20a8e167b59882f8e13f","name":"Texaco Wiki","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/fda830fab7e9fe1c27fe20d856421defaeaaf6e6a038d1592b732064f6e993aa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/fda830fab7e9fe1c27fe20d856421defaeaaf6e6a038d1592b732064f6e993aa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/fda830fab7e9fe1c27fe20d856421defaeaaf6e6a038d1592b732064f6e993aa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Texaco Wiki"},"url":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/author\/jesshut\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/240"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=544"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":946,"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions\/946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/texacowiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}