{"id":289,"date":"2023-05-02T16:01:05","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T16:01:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/?p=289"},"modified":"2025-11-21T17:02:22","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T17:02:22","slug":"digital-storytelling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/2023\/05\/02\/digital-storytelling\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital Storytelling"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Contributed by Geremy Carnes, Lindenwood University<\/strong><br><em>Written for the Cleveland Teaching Collaborative<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scholars in the humanities know that narratives are powerful. We spend much of our work in the classroom guiding students in examining, interrogating, and dissecting narratives. Yet outside of courses with an explicit \u201ccreative\u201d or \u201capplication\u201d focus like creative writing, it\u2019s uncommon for students to spend much time <em>developing<\/em> narratives in their coursework. This general absence in course curricula is a major missed opportunity, as one of the best ways to help students grasp how narratives work\u2014whether as literary artifacts or as historical or social constructs\u2014is to have them create one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Spotlight Tool: Twine<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The ways in which instructors can introduce narrative-based assignments into their courses are numerous, but one particularly valuable way to do so is via <a href=\"https:\/\/twinery.org\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Twine<\/mark><\/a>. Twine is a free online tool for creating interactive narratives and games that can be run in any commonly used web browser. A basic Twine game consists of a number of \u201cpassages\u201d (i.e., pages of the story) connected to each other by links. Any passage with links to more than one other passage will introduce a branch in the narrative. A passage can link to any other passage in the story, so it is also possible for branches in the narrative to rejoin. Each branch eventually arrives at an ending (the nature of which depends on the kind of story you are telling). The result is something akin to a Choose-Your-Own-Adventure book in digital form. While the tool has the depth to create <a href=\"https:\/\/ifarchive.org\/if-archive\/games\/competition2016\/Evermore\/index.html\">quite sophisticated<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/saltystories.itch.io\/love-and-friendship\">technically complex games<\/a>, its most basic feature\u2014the ability to create branching-path narratives\u2014can be learned in a few minutes with no prior experience with markup languages or coding.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine-1024x688.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137\" width=\"675\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine-1024x688.png 1024w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine-300x202.png 300w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine-768x516.png 768w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine-272x182.png 272w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine.png 1129w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Twine interface for a work-in-progress. Each box represents a passage. Arrows indicate links between passages.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Learning Outcomes<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Assigning students to create a narrative in Twine based on their coursework provides valuable learning experiences that would support learning outcomes in many upper-level courses in the humanities:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Students draw upon their knowledge of course material to design and author an original work. (Creation is at the pinnacle of the Revised Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Students reflect on historical contingency and processes of ethical decision-making. (The branching nature of Twine games draws students\u2019 attention to moments of ethical uncertainty and historical possibility.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Students gain basic experience in web design and digital literacy, fundamental skills that belong in all twenty-first-century humanities curricula. (If a course wants to support more advanced digital skills, an assignment can require usage of some of the more complex Twine features, such as CSS, variables, and scripting.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Depending on the nature of the assignment, the project can also support developing research or collaboration skills.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine2-1024x600.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-138\" width=\"735\" height=\"430\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine2-1024x600.png 1024w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine2-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine2-768x450.png 768w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine2.png 1427w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image from <a href=\"https:\/\/saltystories.itch.io\/love-and-friendship\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>Love &amp; Friendship: A Regency Rom-Com<\/strong><\/mark><\/em><\/a>, a sophisticated Jane Austen-inspired Twine game by Salty Stories. Note the question that concludes this passage, and the series of options linking to further passages at the bottom.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Resources<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The program is simple to download and install from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twinery.org\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>www.twinery.org<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>. In fact, installation isn\u2019t even necessary in most cases. Twine games can be created entirely in the web browser on the Twinery site. Twine\u2019s \u201chelp\u201d site, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twinery.org\/cookbook\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>Twine Cookbook<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>, contains detailed information on how to use Twine\u2019s many features, and when you run into trouble, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/twinegames\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>Twine community on Reddit<\/strong><\/mark><\/a> can help you out. Numerous Twine tutorials are also available <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLklITFhXtPCCKadv-0Gcbqoj3OCev695D\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">on <strong>Youtube<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>. But to get started, you only need to read two pages in the Twine Cookbook: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twinery.org\/cookbook\/starting\/twine2\/firststory.html\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>First Story<\/strong><\/mark><\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twinery.org\/cookbook\/terms\/terms_passages.html\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>Passages<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>. Those pages (about fifteen minutes of reading) contain everything you need to know to write a basic branching narrative on Twine. Take half a class session to walk students through these materials in a computer lab, then let them have the second half to experiment with the tool. Students will leave sufficiently prepared to develop a Twine story on their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How you employ Twine in your course will depend on the course\u2019s nature and learning objectives, but there are valuable example assignments available online, such as Sarah Einstein and Matthew Vetter\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.digitalrhetoriccollaborative.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Einstein-Vetter-Twine-Game-Assignment-.pdf\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>social-issue-based game assignment<\/strong><\/mark><\/a> for a gender-studies course, or Jeremiah McCall\u2019s assignment for <a href=\"http:\/\/www.playthepast.org\/?p=5752\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>a short, historically authentic interactive story<\/strong><\/mark><\/a> in a history course (complete with a sample grading rubric).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine3-1024x602.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139\" width=\"730\" height=\"429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine3-1024x602.png 1024w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine3-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine3-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine3-1536x903.png 1536w, https:\/\/iris.siue.edu\/stldigitalhumanities\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/09\/Twine3.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image from <a href=\"https:\/\/whibbsgames.itch.io\/meltdown\"><em>Meltdown<\/em><\/a>, a Twine game about the Chernobyl nuclear meltdown by David Winstein-Hibbs.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Other Free and Accessible Digital Storytelling Tools:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Juncture<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/juncture-digital.org\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>https:\/\/juncture-digital.org\/<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>: illustrate written essays with linked multimedia content like images and maps<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>TimelineJS<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/timeline.knightlab.com\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>https:\/\/timeline.knightlab.com\/<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>: create historical narratives in the form of timelines with linked multimedia content<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Contributed by Geremy Carnes, Lindenwood UniversityWritten for the Cleveland Teaching Collaborative Scholars in the humanities know that narratives are powerful. 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