1.     tela ngai plu tei  [Note: The verb 'teba' is used only for to scatter maize seed.other wise used 'tsoba']
       yesterday i-ERG seed scatter-PST
       Yesterday I scattered the seed.
    __ (i) necessary, (ni) impossible. *pluni


2.      tela thei plu tei
        yesterday s/he(sg)-ERG seed scatter-PST
        Yesterday s/he scattered the seed.
     __ (i) necessary, (ni) impossible. *pluni 


3.      tela adzu kisanai plu tei
        yesterday that farmer-ERG seed scatter-PST
        Yesterday the farmer scattered the seed.


4.      tela ngai tei
        yesterday i-ERG scatter-PST
        Yesterday I scattered (it).


5.      tela adzu kisanai tei
        yesterday that farmer-ERG scatter-PST
        Yesterday the farmer scattered (it).


6.      nagai ngai plu temu
        tomorrow i-ERG seed scatter-FUT
        Tomorrow I will scatter the seed.


7.      nagai thei plu temu
        tomorrow s/he(sg)-ERG seed scatter-FUT
        Tomorrow s/he will scatter the seed.
     __ Above 3-7 (i) necessary, (ni) impossible. *pluni 


8.      nagai adzu kisanai plu temu
        tomorrow that farmer-ERG seed scatter-FUT
        Tomorrow the farmer will scatter the seed.


9.      nagai ngai temu
        tomorrow i-ERG scatter-FUT
        Tomorrow I will scatter.(it).


10.     nagai adzu kisanai temu
        tomorrow that farmer-ERG scatter-FUT
        Tomorrow the farmer will scatter(it).


11.     tela ngai jumao Tai __*tei [tei used for crops and Tai used for stone]
        yesterday i-ERG stone(pl) scatter-PST
        Yesterday I scattered the stones. 


12.     tela adzu pjumei jumao Tai
        yesterday that boy-ERG stone(pl) scatter-PST
        Yesterday the boy scattered the stones.


13.     tela adzu ngemai pluo tei
        yesterday that bird-ERG seed(pl) scatter-PST
        Yesterday the bird scattered the seeds.


14.    nagai adzu ngemai pluo temu
       tomorrow that bird-ERG seed(pl) scatter-FUT
       Tomorrow the bird will scatter the seeds.
   __  Above 8-14 (i) necessary, (ni) impossible. *pluni 

##     'thi' press, be pressed,be smashed,collapse [bhatkanu, kitsnu]


1.     tela adzu tsan thijai [ tsan means nasal tsa]
       yesterday that bridge collapse-PST
       The bridge collapsed yesterday.
    __ (i), (ni) both impossible.


2.     nagai adzu tsan thijamu
       tomorrow that bridge collapse-FUT
       The bridge will collapse tomorrow.


3.     tsu tela thijai
       it  yesterday collapse-PST
       It collapsed yesterday.


4.     tsu nagai thijamu
       it tomorrow collapse-FUT
       It will collapse tomorrow.
    __ Above 2-4 (i), (ni) both impossible.


5.     tela Tuii tin thhijai
       yesterday landslide-ERG house press/crush-PST
       The landslide pressed/crushed the house yesterday.
    __ (i) necessary, (ni) impossible.


6.     nagai Tuii tin thimu
       tomorrow landslide-ERG house press-FUT
       The landslide will press/crush the house tomorrow.


8.     tela tsui tin thii
       yesterday it-ERG house press-PST
       It pressed/crushed the house yesterday.


9.     nagai tsui tin thimu
       tomorrow it-ERG house press-FUT
       It will press/crush the house tomorrow.


 10.   adzu Tuii thii
       that landslide-ERG press/crush-PST      
       The landslide pressed/crushed (it).


11.    adzu Tuii thimu
       that landslide-ERG press-FUT
       The landslide will press/ crush (it).
    __  Above 5-11 (i) necessary, (ni) impossible.

12.    tela adzu Tuii tin 
       yesterday that landslide-ERG house destroy-PST
       The landslide destroyed the house yesterday.


13.    nagai Tuii tin suimu
       tomorrow landslide-ERG house destroy-FUT
       The landslide will destroy the house tomorrow.


14.    tela adzu Tuii adzu tin sujai
       yesterday that landslide-ERG that house destroy-PST
       The house was destroyed by the landslide yesterday.
    __ Above12-14 (i) necessary, (ni) impossible.


15.    tsu sujai
       it destroy-PST
       It was destroyed.
    __ (i), (ni) impossible.

  a)   tsu sujab mae/mai
       it destroy-PERF be-PST
       It was destroyed. 


###   7 Aug 2013.'Break'

Note: for the verb'break' there are many verb in the Gurung like:tiba,kjuba,Toba,praba these are used as context]
1.     tela ngai sisa/gilas tijai
       yesterday i-ERG glass break-PST
       Yesterday I broke the glass.
    __ (i) necessary, (ni) impossible.

 Note:  The verb 'tiba' used for glsses,bottles laptops,T.V. bangles,balloons.
 Here are some examples of the above given verbs.

a)    tela ngai tebul kjujai --[the verb 'kjuba' used for table, chair,bench,woods,legs,hands]
      yesterday i-ERG table break-PST
      Yesterday I broke the table.

b)    tela ngai ru Towai  --['toba' used for threads,rope,ribben]
      yesterday i-ERG thread break-PST
      Yesterday I broke the thread.

c)    tela ngai kagadz prai  --['praba' used for clothes,papers,plastics]
      yesterday i-ERG paper break-PST
      Yesterday I broke the paper.


2.    tela thei gilas tijai
      yesterday s/he(sg)-ERG glass break-PST
      Yesterday s/he broke the glass.
   __ (i) necessary,  (ni) impossible.


3.    tela adzu pjumei gilas tijai
      yesterday that boy-ERG glass break-PST
      Yesterday the boy broke the glass.


4.    tela adzu timui gilas tijai
      yesterday that monkey-ERG glass break-PST
      Yesterday the monkey broke the glass.


5.    tela ngai tijai
      yesterday i-ERG break-PST
      Yesterday I broke (it).


6.    tela adzu pjumei tijai 
      yesterday that boy-ERG break-PST
      Yesterday the boy broke (it).


7.    tela adzu timui tijai
      yesterday that monkey-ERG break-PST
      Yesterday the monkey broke (it).
   __ Above 3-7 (i) necessary,(ni) impossible.


8.    nagai ngai gilas tijamu/ timu
      tomorrow i-ERG glass break-FUT
      Tomorrow I will break the glass.


9.    nagai thei gilas tijamu/timu
      tomorrow s/he(sg)-ERG glass break-FUT
      Tomorrow s/he will break the glass.


10.   nagai adzu pjumei gilas tijamu
      tomorrow that boy-ERG glass break-FUT
      Tomorrow the boy will break the glass. 

11.   nagai adzu timui gilas tijamu
      tomorrow that monkey-ERG glass break-FUT
      Tomorrw the monkey will break the glass.


12.    nagai ngai timu/tijamu
       tomorrow i-ERG break-FUT
       Tomorrow I will break (it).


13.    nagai adzu pjumei timu
       tomorrow that boy-ERG break-FUT
       Tomorrow the boy will break(it).


14.    nagai adzu timui timu
       tomorrow that monkey-ERG break-FUT
       Tomorrow the monkey will break(it).
    __ Above 7-14 (i) necessary,(ni) impossible.


15.    adzu gilas tela tijai
       that glass yesterday break-PST
       The glass broke yesterday.


16.    adzu gilas nagai timu
       that glass tomorrow break-FUT
       The glass will break tomorrow.


17.    tela ngai gaDi tijai
       yesterday i-ERG watch break-PST
       Yesterday I broke the watch.


18.    adzu pjumei tela gaDi tijai
       taht boy-ERG yesterday watch break-PST
       The boy broke the watch yesterday.


19.    nagai ngai gaDi timu
       tomorrow i-ERG watch break-FUT
       I will break the watch tomorrow.


20.    nagai adzu pjumei gaDi timu/tijamu
       tomorrow that boy-ERG watch break-FUT
       The boy will break the watch tomorrow.
    __ Above 14-20 (i) necessary,(ni) impossible.

21.    tela adzu gaDi tijai
       yesterday that watch break-PST
       The watch broke yesterday.
    __ (i),(ni) both impossible.


22.    adzu gaDi nagai tijamu
       that watch tomorrow break-FUT
       The watch will break tomorrow.
    __ (i),(ni) both impossible.


###    8 Aug 2013.
       phrin 'explode'  paDkanu,tsarkanu,phuTaunu.


1.    adzu budzi tela tijai  -*phriin 
      that balloon yesterday explode-PST
      The balloon exploded yesterday.
   __ (i),(ni) both impossible.


2.    tela adzu bam phriin
      yesterday that bomb explode-PST
      The bomb exploded yesterday.
   __ (i),(ni) both impossible.


3.    tela adzu roDari ke laba mioi tsjamtseri bam phriin
      yesterday road-LOC work do worker/man(pl)-ERG tsjamtse-LOC bomb explode-PST
      The road workers exploded the bomb in Chamche  yesterday.
   __ (i),(ri) necessary,(ni) impossible.
 

4.    tela ngai budzi tijai  -*phriin
      yesterday i-ERG balloon explode-PST
      I popped (exploded) the balloon yesterday.
   __ (i) necessary, (ni),(ri) impossible.


5.    ngai phriin
      i-xplode-PST
      I exploded (it).
  __ (i) necessary, (ni),(ri) impossible.


6.    nagai adzu budzi timu
      tomorrow that balloon explode-FUT
      The balloon will explode tomorrow.
   __ (i),(ri),(ni) impossible.


7.    nagai adzu bam phrinmu
      tomorrow that bomb exxplode-FUT
      The bomb will explode tomorrow.
   __ (i),(ri),(ni) impossible.

8.    nagai roDari ke laba mioi bam phrinmu
      tomorrow road-LOC work do worke/man(pl)-ERG bomb explode-FUT
      The road workers will explode the bomb tomorrow.
   __ (i),(ri) necessary,(ni) impossible.


9.    nagai adzu budzi tijamu
      tomorrow that balloon explode-FUT
      The balloon will explode tomorrow.
   __ (i),(ri),(ni) impossible.


10.    tsu tela phriin
       it yesterday explode-PST
       It exploded yesterday.
    __ (i),(ri),(ni) impossible.


11.    tela ngai phriin
       yesterday i-ERG explode-PST
       I exploded (it) yesterday.
    __ (i) necessary,(ri),(ni) impossible.


12.    nagai tsu phrinmu
       tomorrow it explode-FUT
       It will explode tomorrow.
    __ (i),(ri),(ni) impossible.


13.    nagai ngai tsu(ni) phriinmu
       tomorrow  i-ERG it-DAT explode-FUT
       I will explode it tomorrow.
    __ (i) necessary, (ni) optional, (ri) impossible.